Eleuthero (Eleutherococcus senticosus)

Sometimes referred to as Siberian ginseng, eleuthero is not a true ginseng at all. Like Asian and American ginseng varieties, eleuthero is thought to stimulate the immune system and help to lower blood sugar levels. It has traditionally been used to prevent colds and flu, support cognition and alertness, and to increase energy, longevity, and vitality. Eleuthero is an "adaptogen," which is thought to help the body cope with either mental or physical stress. Unlike true ginsengs however, eleuthero has different active ingredients, including eleutherosides and polysaccharides. Eleuthero root is woody, brownish, wrinkled and twisted, and is available as liquid / solid extracts, powders, capsules, tablets, and as dried or cut root for tea. It is often combined with other herbs and supplements to treat fatigue and cultivate alertness. Similar to other herbs like rhodiola, licorice, ginkgo, ashwagandha and Holy Basil, eleuthero may help manage cortisol distribution in the body and benefit adrenal health. Although this herb is generally considered safe, it could trigger side effects and interact with other herbs, supplements or medications. Be sure to talk to Dr. Bossio before taking eleuthero.

Resources

Siberian ginseng. University of Maryland Medical Center.

Eleutherococcus senticosus. NYU Langone Medical Center.

Image Attribution: Barbulat/bigstock.com

Stop Metabolic Syndrome Before it Starts

Metabolic syndrome is killing America. This group of risk factors - which includes a large waistline or "apple shape," a high triglyceride level, a low HDL "good" cholesterol level, high blood pressure and high fasting blood sugar - can raise your risk of stroke, double your risk of heart disease and multiply your risk of diabetes by five.

You must exhibit at least three of these risk factors to be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Although the risk of developing metabolic syndrome is closely linked to obesity, a lack of physical activity at any body size, as well as insulin resistance, genetics and aging may also increase your risk for metabolic syndrome. As a general rule, everyone should pay attention to metabolic health. Luckily, committing to a healthy lifestyle can help you prevent metabolic syndrome and its related disease states.

Here are 5 areas to be mindful of:

1. Maintain a balanced diet of whole foods. Limit unhealthy foods. Instead, reach for fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and the Mediterranean diet are centered on real, whole foods and provide excellent guidelines for eating for your health, metabolic and otherwise.

2. Get up and move! Moderate exercise - such as taking a brisk walk - for 30 minutes each day will drastically improve your body's defenses against developing metabolic syndrome and a host of other ailments.

3. Reduce your sugar intake. Honey was the primary sweetener until the Middle Ages when sugar was introduced. Still, due to primitive production techniques, both sweeteners were primarily reserved for the well-to-do. In fact, up until the last few hundred years, the majority of people, especially the poor, had no sweeteners at all in their normal diet, so obesity was seen primarily among the wealthy. Observational data and international research suggest a strong link between sugar-laden diets and metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension and diabetes. One of the easiest ways to reduce your sugar intake is to ditch soft-drinks and other sugary drinks, including processed juices. You can also cut out candy and cut back on how often you enjoy a sugary dessert. Missing the sweet in your life? Enjoy a piece of fruit, or opt for a small amount of raw honey as a sweetener. Another suggestion? Substitute stevia for sugar as your daily sweetener.

4. Keep stress to a minimum. Research now shows that chronic high stress levels can significantly increase the risk of developing diabetes, heart disease and obesity. In fact, it is reported that three-quarters of American health care spending goes toward treating such chronic conditions. To help cut back on your stress, consider setting limits for yourself, learn to say "no" without feeling guilty, meditate, give yoga a try or set aside time everyday to read a good book. Whatever it is that calms your nerves and allows you to recharge, do that!

5. Maintain a healthy weight for your body. If you are overweight or obese, implementing and sticking with the lifestyle changes listed above will naturally help you shed pounds. Losing weight can help reduce insulin resistance, blood pressure and your risk of diabetes. Find a body composition scale in your area to get a better idea of what your body's ideal weight is.

No matter your size, shape or current state of health, it is a good idea to consult Dr. Bossio to determine if you are at risk for, or living with, metabolic syndrome. For more information, visit the resources below.

Resources

What is Metabolic Syndrome? National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

Blood Sugar Basics. BloodSugarBasics.com

Metabolic syndrome. Mayo Clinic.

Stressful Life Events and the Metabolic Syndrome: The Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes (PPP)-Botnia Study. American Diabetes Association.

Potential role of sugar (fructose) in the epidemic of hypertension, obesity and the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Huffington, Arianna. 2014. New York, NY: Harmony Books. Thrive.

Mediterranean Diet. Wikipedia.

Image Attribution: kgtoh/bigstock.com

Whole Grains

If you're already living with diabetes or metabolic syndrome, you should avoid carbohydrate-rich foods. However, whole grains can substantially lower the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. 100% whole grains retain the bran and germ, which hold the majority of nutrients. These nutrient compounds - which include vitamin B1, B2, B3, E, folic acid, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, iron and fiber - are referred to as complex carbohydrates. They take longer for the body to break down, allowing for higher nutrient absorption and slower delivery of sugar into the body. Processing strips the bran and germ from the grain and later adds synthetic imposters at a fraction of the original nutritional content. These processed grains are simple carbohydrates, which break down more quickly in the body and can negatively impact a variety of body processes.

Recent research clearly links refined grains with weight gain, as well as a heightened risk of developing insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Whole grains are rich in magnesium and phytochemicals, and may help improve insulin sensitivity, as well as protect against the development of chronic degenerative diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes and varicose veins; and diseases of the colon. Only a handful of whole grains, from a pool of thousands, play a significant role in the human diet. Corn, oats, rice and wheat are the most prevalent whole grains, but you can always mix up your diet with these additional options:

•     Amaranth seeds
•     Barley flakes, hulled, or pearl
•     Buckwheat
•     Cornmeal
•     Millet, hulled
•     Oats - bran, groats, rolled, steel-cut
•     Quinoa
•     Rice - brown basmati, brown long-grain, brown quick, brown short-grain
•     Rice - wild
•     Rye
•     Spelt
•     Sorghum
•     Triticale
•     Wheat

Resources

Whole Wheat. The World's Healthiest Foods.

Murray, N.D., Michael, Pizzorno, N.D., Joseph and Pizzorno, Lara. 2005. New York, NY: Atria Books. The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods.

Image Attribution: elenathewise/bigstock.com

Yummy 5-Seed Crackers with Hummus

Snacking is not only acceptable but beneficial, especially with these 5-seed crackers and hummus. This easy snack will help you stay on track with healthy eating while curbing the mid-day munchies.

Ingredients

     5-Seed Crackers

• 1 cup sunflower seeds, soaked for 6 hours
• 1 cup pumpkin seeds, soaked for 4 hours
• 1 cup flax seeds, soaked for 4 hours
• 1 cup chia seeds, soaked for 4 hours
• 1 cup sesame seeds, soaked for 4 hours
• 6 garlic cloves, minced
• 1 tsp ginger minced
• 2 zucchini spiralized and chopped
• 6 carrots shredded
• ½ bunch fresh cilantro, chopped
• 1 red pepper, diced
• 2 tbsp pizza seasoning
• 1 tsp cayenne pepper
• 2 tbsp Bragg's Amino Acids
• 2 tbsp Tamari Sauce

    Hummus

•  1½ cup chickpeas, soaked in water for 8-9 hours and then cooked until soft
•  ½ cup olive oil... add more if required   
•  2-3 cloves garlic
•  1 tbsp lemon juice
•  ½ tsp red chili powder or cayenne pepper
•  ½ tsp black pepper powder
•  1 tsp cumin powder/jeera powder
•  ½ cup roasted and powdered white sesame seeds or ½ cup tahini
•  a few sprigs of parsley or coriander/cilantro
•  salt as required

Directions:

     5-Seed Crackers

1. Rinse the seed in a strainer and remove excess water, place in a big bowl and add remaining ingredients, combine well.
2. Place the screens on your dehydrator trays and scoop one tablespoon of the mix on the tray. With the back of your fork, flatten it to the shape you want.
3. Dehydrate for about 10 hours or until dry and crispy.

     Hummus

1. Roast the sesame seeds and then finely powder them.
2. Puree the cooked chickpeas, all the spices, parsley, salt and garlic in a blender.
3. Add the powdered sesame seeds, lemon juice and olive oil.
4. Blend to a smooth paste.

Image Attribution: Fudio/bigstock.com

Supplements for Healthy Blood Sugar

The blood sugar balance is a delicate endeavor. Both high and low blood sugar levels can result in potentially fatal reactions in the body. If you are having trouble maintaining a healthy blood sugar level, there are a number of supplements available that can help stabilize and even lower blood sugar. Chromium (from chromium picolinate), Alpha Lipoic Acid, Vanadium and Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia), are just a few.

Chromium is an essential mineral that may enhance the body's sensitivity to insulin, the hormone which helps move glucose from the blood into the body's cells for use as energy. Some studies suggest that chromium supplements may reduce blood glucose levels and the amount of insulin needed in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Chromium may also help with weight loss and muscle building. It is commercially available in several forms and included in many multivitamins.

Alpha-lipoic acid - sometimes referred to simply as lipoic acid - is an antioxidant that is made by the body and found in cells, where it helps turn glucose into energy. Its ability to kill free radicals may help people with symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy. Alpha-lipoic acid passes easily into the brain and may offer protection for the brain and nerve tissue.

Vanadium is an essential trace mineral found in soil and in many foods. Research suggests that vanadium may lower blood glucose, reducing the need for insulin in people with diabetes. Vanadyl sulfate is a form of Vanadium often used for such purposes.

Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia), is a member of the same family as squash, watermelon, cantaloupes and cucumber. This plant contains polypeptide-P, a substance which has been shown to lower blood glucose in people with diabetes. In addition, it contains a compound called charantin which increases glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in the cells of the liver, muscle and adipose tissue. It is believed that these two compounds along with all the other phyto-nutrients (carotenes, lutein, zea-xanthin, vitamin C, folate, vitamin A, fiber and minerals) contained in Bitter Melon, make it an exellent addition to the diet for anyone at risk of or diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance or diabetes.  

Stabilizing and lowering blood sugar is tricky business. The process is highly individualized and supplements may negatively react with other supplements and medications, making this a very important thing for you to discuss with Dr. Bossio before beginning or changing a therapy that can affect your blood sugar levels.

Resources

Alpha Lipoic-Acid. University of Maryland Medical Center.

Chromium. University of Maryland Medical Center.

Diabetes. University of Maryland Medical Center.

Bitter Melon. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.

Image Attribution: Torsakarin/bigstock.com

Gymnema (Gymnema sylvestre)

Used in many fields of medicine, Gymnema is native to parts of India as well as tropical Africa and Australia. Natural healing modalities often employ the plant as a tea, for its potent anti-diabetic properties. Now, initial modern research suggests that Gymnema may also be useful in preventing and treating obesity.

The plant's active compound - a group of "gymnemic acids" - work to help curb diabetes by blocking sugar from accumulating in the body. Similarly, they help fight obesity by delaying glucose absorption, and blocking the binding of carbohydrates in the intestine. Essentially, this means that gymnemic acids may be helpful in warding off so-called "empty calories."  Additionally, gymnemic acids prevent the activation of sugar molecules by the tongue, curbing sugar cravings. Finally, they prevent the absorption of sugar molecules by the intestine, which can help to lower blood sugar levels.

Research has shown that Gymnema leaf extract can impact diabetes by stimulating the pancreas to increase the release of insulin. More study is needed, but current hypotheses suggest that Gymnema may prove useful in both adult onset and juvenile diabetes mellitus. Gymnema leaves have also been noted for lowering serum cholesterol and triglycerides. When considering Gymnema treatments for any ailment, it is important to consult Dr. Bossio.

Resources

Photo credit. "Gymnema sylvestre" by Vinayaraj - Own work. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.

Gymnema sylvestre: A Memoir. National Center for Biotechnology Information. J Clin Biochem Nutr. Sep 2007; 41(2): 77-81. Published online Aug 29, 2007. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.2007010.

Image Attribution: Vinayaraj/wikimedia.com

Walking for Health

Walking is one of the things that distinguishes man from all other animals, and some 2,400 years ago, Hippocrates even referred to walking as man's best medicine. Modern research has shown that walking, which is considered moderate exercise, is highly beneficial for overall health and carries less risk of injury than intense aerobic exercises such as running. In fact, research shows that walking may reduce the risk of cardiovascular events by some 31% in both men and women. Such protection has been shown at distances of just 5½ miles per week and at a pace as casual as about 2 miles per hour. Of course, walking longer distances, walking at a faster pace, or both will enhance cardiac protection. Studies have also shown that walking can lower the risk of cardiac diseases, heart attack, stroke and even death, in both men and women. Better still, for people already suffering from heart disease, research has shown that walking for 30 minutes, three times a week, can help reduce the risk of death from heart disease by 26%. And walking is multi-purpose! It helps improve cholesterol, blood pressure, vascular stiffness and inflammation, and mental stress, in addition to helping protect against dementia, depression, diabetes, obesity, colon cancer and even erectile dysfunction.
 
Walking is one exercise that is easier to integrate into your daily lifestyle than you may think. Depending on your living situation, you can walk to work and to the store, or any other nearby destination.  For many of us, however, driving is an unavoidable part of everyday life.  If you must drive, park farther away than you normally would and walk to your destination. You can also break up your day and benefit your health with a short walk at lunchtime.
 
When you first start walking for health, you may want to keep track of your distance. Pedometers are an easy step-tracking product that range in price based on the bells and whistles they include. In general, begin with routes that are well within your distance range and begin at a modest pace for you. As your fitness level increases, you'll be able to extend your distances and increase your speed, and even add in challenges such as hilled terrain and timed interval training. To stay motivated, walk with a friend, listen to music, podcasts or even books on tape - anything to help you feel like you're using your time wisely, and not sacrificing one activity for another. As a rough guide, the current standards suggest able-bodied adults complete moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes, five days per week, compared to intense exercise for 20 minutes, three days per week. As with any new exercise plan, you should consult Dr. Bossio before beginning.

Resources

Walking: Your steps to health. Harvard Health Publications. Harvard Medical School.

Image Attribution: dolgachov/bigstock.com

Dr. Bossio presents on Lyme Disease at Destination Wellness - A Celebration of Healthy Living

When: Saturday, October 25th, 12:30 - 5:00pm.   Dr. Bossio's presentation at 2:30.

Where:  Ridgefield Recreation Center, 195 Danbury Rd., Ridgefield, CT

What:  An afternoon of free and fun activities for the whole family. Wellness presentations featuring information in the areas of: Lyme Disease Prevention, Prescription Drug Addiction, Stress and Pain Management, Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle Choices and Holistic Therapies. Plus nourishing and delicious food offerings from local restaurants and prizes/giveaways for attendees.

Web:  The Destination Wellness schedule of events is available online
              http://ridgefieldparksandrec.org/ai1ec_event/free-destination-wellness/?instance_id=

Indoor Farming at Home: Boosting Health with Sprouts

Sprouts are different from their full-grown counterparts. Studies have shown that sprouts support cell regeneration, offer powerful antioxidants, minerals, vitamins and enzymes, and have an alkalizing effect on your body, which may help protect against disease, including cancer. During sprouting, vitamin C levels are higher than any other point in the plant's life cycle. This is also the time when plants begin to synthesize new enzymes and some sprouts can contain up to 100 times more enzymes than raw fruits and vegetables. Still, some sprouts are negatively different from their full-grown counterparts, such as Sorghum, which is perfectly safe when full-grown, but the seed coat carries potentially toxic levels of cyanide, making eating these sprouts a gamble.

Because sprouts vary so much from one variety to the next, as well as from their full-grown counterparts, it is a good idea to consult Dr. Bossio when considering adding sprouts to your diet. While you can usually purchase sprouts through your local grocer or farmer's market, sprouting at home has definite advantages. Sprouts are delicate and need to be handled carefully and refrigerated. Most importantly, they need to be as fresh as possible to provide the most significant health benefits. Sprouting at home not only allows you to get sprouts at their peak freshness every time, but it also allows you to experiment with a wide variety. Here are 5 tips to get you started having fun with and reaping the benefits of the healthiest possible sprouts, at home.

1. Research which varieties of sprouts you want to try. Different sprouts favor different growing conditions. Some sprouts grow best indoors, in soil, while others grow through soaking and moisture control methods. Sprouting times also vary depending on the type of sprout, the method and even personal preference. Wheat, sunflower, almond, lentil and mung sprouts are all good options if you're a beginner. Also easy for beginners are Red clover, radish mustard, adzuki, garbanzo and pumpkin.

2. Collect your tools and get started. The jar and cloth methods are two of the most common sprouting methods, but require regular rinsing and checks for mold. Still, the old-fashioned way - growing sprouts in soil - remains one of the easiest and least time consuming methods. Growing sprouts in soil also produces far more nutritious and abundant food. You can also try sprouting bags or commercial made sprouting systems available at many health or natural foods stores. For in-depth tips on how to sprout, check out:

• How to Soak & Sprout Nuts, Seeds, Grains, & Beans
• The Growing Sprouts Tutorial
• The Sprouting Guide: How to Sprout Seeds and Bean Sprouts

3. Water makes a difference. Use bottled spring water or filtered water when sprouting. Most seeds won't sprout well in polluted tap water.

4. Freshness is key. It's best to eat sprouts as soon as they are ready, but if you need to store them, put them in the refrigerator or in a controlled sprouting environment until you're ready to use them. Stored sprouts should be rinsed every 24 hours.

5. Get creative. There are tons of ways to enjoy sprouts. Try adding different sprouts to your salads or wraps. Use sprouts as new toppings for sandwiches and burgers. Play with food styling by creating a simple gourmet meal from your choice of lean meat on a bed of sprouts salad.

Resources

Are sprouts good for me? World's Healthiest Foods.
http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=george&dbid=166

Balch, Phyllis A., and James F. Balch. 1992. Rx prescription for cooking and
dietary wellness. Greenfield, Ind: P.A.B. Pub.

Murray, Michael T., Joseph E. Pizzorno, and Lara Pizzorno. 2005. The
encyclopedia of healing foods. New York: Atria Books.

Pitchford, Paul. 1996. Healing with whole foods: oriental traditions and modern nutrition. Berkeley, Calif: North Atlantic Books.

Image Attribution: cynoclub/bigstock.com

Sunflower Sprouts

Native American cultures have known about the many uses and benefits of sunflower for centuries.  Sunflower can be used as food, an oil source, and even as a dye pigment. As a food and health source, sunflower tops the list of sprouts as a protein source. They contain minerals, healthy fats, essential fatty acids, fiber and phytosterols. Their vitamin E content has been shown to have significant anti-inflammatory effects, reduce the risk of colon cancer, help control some symptoms of menopause and help cut down on diabetic complications. Sunflower sprouts are also a good source of magnesium and may help reduce the severity of asthma, lower high blood pressure, prevent migraine headaches and reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke. Iron and chlorophyll also can be found in sprouted sunflower seeds, the latter of which will help detoxify your blood and liver. Sprouting sunflower seeds will transform nutrient content by as much as 300 - 1,200 percent. When sprouting sunflower seeds at home, soak the seeds for 2 days before planting in soil. Once in the soil, allow your seeds to sprout. They are ready to harvest in about 3 days.

Resources

Sunflower seeds. The World's Healthiest Foods.
http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=57

Image Attribution: Yastremska/bigstock.com

Protein Powder

Protein powder isn't just for vegetarians, vegans and intense athletes. In fact, the average American consumes far too much animal protein, and plant protein powder can be an excellent alternative. A high quality protein powder can help boost your intake of plant proteins, fiber and omega-3 fatty acids, as well as support immune function and maintain and promote healthy muscle mass and body composition. Not all protein is equal however. In fact, protein quality really comes down to the whole protein package including content levels of amino acids and other nutrients, as well as the nutritional pitfalls associated with certain protein sources such as animal proteins.

Food proteins can be classified as complete or incomplete, a status determined by the types of amino acids provided by a particular protein. Complete proteins are made up of the nine essential amino acids which can only be obtained through diet. Animal sources are usually complete proteins, however they also come with added pitfalls such as high saturated fat content. Incomplete proteins on the other hand, often come from fruits, vegetables, grains and nuts. Still, combining two or more incomplete proteins may form a complete set of amino acids, therefore creating a complete protein.

When choosing a protein powder, look for these nine essential amino acids: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine. It is also important to stay away from protein isolates because many are exposed to acid processing and over-processing can alter key amino acids.

If this all sounds a bit overwhelming, try looking for protein powders made from yellow peas, hemp, chia, potato and Golden Chlorella(TM) High Protein, as they are some of the richest proteins available. It is important to remember that the human body is not static. It changes regularly due to environmental factors, nutritional intake and even aging. And despite that adulthood has long been treated as a single period of life, our bodies actually require different nutrient balances at different stages of life, including different stages of adulthood. Still, exactly how much protein should be eaten at which stage of life remains a topic of debate. Because there are so many factors to consider, it is important to consult Dr. Bossio before starting a new protein regimen.

Resources

Protein: Moving Closer to Center Stage. Harvard School of Public Health.
http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/protein-full-story/

Marz, Russell B. 1999. Medical nutrition from Marz: (a textbook in clinical nutrition). Portland, Or: Omni-Press.

Gaby, Alan. 2011. Nutritional medicine. Concord, N.H: Fritz Perlberg Publishing.

Image Attribution: PixelsAway/bigstock.com

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)

According to Greek myth, fennel was associated with Dionysus, the Greek god of food and wine. Interestingly, the ancient Greeks reverred the fennel stalk as a vehicle for passing knowledge from the gods to men at Olympus.

Closely related to parsley, carrots, dill and coriander, and often associated with Italian and French cooking, fennel is a crunchy and slightly sweet herb that is in season and readily available from autumn through early spring.

Fennel is packed with phytonutrients that provide strong antioxidant activity. Anethole, a phytonutrient compound found in fennel, has been proven in animal studies to reduce inflammation and even help prevent cancer. In addition, fennel bulb is an excellent source of vitamin C, which contributes to a healthy immune system and can help protect against pain and joint deterioration from conditions like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Fennel bulb is also a good source of fiber and potassium, and may help reduce bad cholesterol and protect from stroke and heart attack.

When shopping for fennel, look for whitish or pale green bulbs that are clean, firm and solid, without signs of splitting, bruising or spotting, with relatively straight and closely superimposed stalks. Both the stalks and the leaves should be green in color. Pass on fennel with signs of flowering buds as this indicates that the fennel is past maturity. Fresh fennel should be used as soon as possible, but can be stored in the refrigerator crisper for about four days. Some creative ways of using fennel, the stalks in particular, is to add them to soups, stocks and stews. The leaves can be used as an herb seasoning.

Resources

Photo credit. "Fennel flower heads" by user:Fir0002 - Own work. Licensed under GNU Free Documentation License 1.2 via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fennel_flower_heads.jpg#mediaviewe/File:Fennel_flower_heads.jpg

Fennel. The World's Healthiest Foods.
http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=23

Pitchford, Paul. 1996. Healing with whole foods: oriental traditions and modern nutrition. Berkeley, Calif: North Atlantic Books.

Image Attribution: Fir0002/wikipedia.org

Flower Essence Therapy

Developed in the 1930s by Dr. Edward Bach, a bacteriologist and homeopathic doctor, flower essence therapy assumes that the body is comprised of subtle energies that can be affected by the essence of botanicals. Flower essence therapy involves ingesting a substance that is physically dilute but energetically active. Prepared from a solar infusion of fresh blossoms, flower essence therapy may be helpful in treating a number of ailments and imbalances, and may even serve to expand your awareness and enthusiasm for life. To begin this therapy, a practitioner will assess your physical, emotional, mental and spiritual states and determine which of the 38 flower remedies may be most beneficial for treating your current troubles. While the remedy assignment varies from person to person and can change just as life does, the most common recommendation is a regimen of four drops of flower essence four times daily over the course of one to several months. Essences can either be added to drinking water or placed directly on the tongue. While you can explore the different flower essences and their usual uses, it is a good idea to consult Dr. Bossio before beginning flower essence therapy.

Resources

Flower Essence Therapy in the Treatment of Major Depression: Preliminary Findings. Jeffery R. Cram, PhD
http://www.wholistichealingresearch.com/11Cram.html

Ease Stress with Flower-essence Therapy. Elizabeth Barker. Natural Health.
http://www.naturalhealthmag.com/health/ease-stress-flower-essence-therapy

Image Attribution: sinnawin/bigstock.com

Don't Let Accumulative Toxins Hamper Your Health

There's no denying it, toxins are everywhere in the modern world, from the air we breathe and the water we drink and bathe in, to the foods we eat and even in the materials that make up the world around us. Foods are covered in pesticides or processed with unnatural chemicals and machinery. Chemical by-products from manufacturing and farm runoff infiltrate air and water. Oceans are polluted with heavy metals and mercury which pass up the food chain turning would-be healthy meals of seafood into poison. Dental fillings containing mercury turn every bite of food into a potentially poisonous hazard. And if that weren't enough, poisons such as fluoride, chlorine and low levels of heavy metals flow into your home through your water supply, all of which are approved by the government. Even pharmaceuticals, vaccines, hygiene, beauty, cleaning and packaging products contain a variety of toxic substances. Many of these toxins accumulate in the body and cannot be removed naturally.

Interestingly, modern diseases like cancer, auto-immune dysfunction, brain disorders like autism, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, nerve disorders and more common ailments like depression, learning disabilities and fatigue may have a variety of connections to the buildup of toxins in our bodies. But no matter how healthy your existing diet and lifestyle may be today, this buildup of toxins from years past can continue to negatively impact your health. With this in mind, one of the best things you can do for your health is to set a plan for ridding your body of built up toxins. Here are 6 ways you can help decrease your toxic load and reduce toxin accumulation. Check in with Dr. Bossio for guidance in the best way to do this for you.

1. Sweat it out. Steam baths and saunas promote the release of toxins through sweating. For an even deeper detoxification you may want to consider infrared sauna treatments. Infrared saunas heat your body tissues several inches deep, enhancing your natural metabolic processes, circulation and helping oxygenate your tissues. Sweating will also help kill off viruses and other microbes. Repeated use of the sauna slowly restores the skin's ability to eliminate toxins, an action that often is inhibited by clothing, sun damage and sedentary lifestyles.

2. Burn fat, burn toxins. Toxins are stored at a much higher rate in the fat than in blood. So, it makes sense that in order to remove the most amount of toxins, you'll need to decrease fat as well. And of course, the best way to shed pounds of fat is through aerobic activity, meaning any activity that heightens both your heart and respiratory rates. Aerobic activity increases stamina and oxygen flow, tones the nervous system and strengthens the immune system. It also cleanses blood by stimulating circulation and sweating, and even releases endorphins making you feelhappier and more relaxed. Aerobic activities come in a variety of forms. Running, power-walking, cycling, swimming and even skiing are all aerobic activities. Better yet, you can have fun with your aerobic exercise and even include your kids and grandkids in the mix. Jump rope and double dutch games are excellent aerobic exercise for all ages, as are family dance parties and stair-climbing races. Always check with your doctor before beginning any new type of exercise regimen.

3. Milk thistle for liver health. Approved in 1986 for treating liver disease, today milk thistle is regularly used to treat illnesses related to toxic buildup of alcohol and acetaminophens. It boosts liver metabolism and helps repair liver cell damage from alcohol and other toxins. Discuss with Dr. Bossio how milk thistle might benefit you.

4. Target hard-to-remove heavy metals with chlorella. Chlorella is a powerful binding agent for heavy metals including mercury. This super green food can help remove a variety of toxins from the liver and other major organs and is safe enough to use daily or as a major week-long detox. A single-celled micro-algae, its molecular structure allows it to bond to metals, chemicals and some pesticides, while not binding to the minerals your body needs, like calcium, magnesium or zinc.

5. Eat a healthy, vitamin-rich diet with plenty of fiber. Clean, nutrient-dense foods provide endless health benefits, but even better, they also provide amazing detox abilities. Fiber offers a range of benefits, one being the discouragement of weight gain, helping control the development of fat, which could store more toxins. How much fiber? The average amount of fiber needed in the diet is 30 g (females) - 40 g (males) per day. The average intake today is 15 g or less!
 
6. Drink plenty of filtered water. Staying hydrated is extremely important when you're detoxifying your body. Filtered water is even more important because of the toxins that lurk in water supplies. Drinking more water will of course make you need to urinate more frequently, and that's exactly the point. Urinating is another way to expel toxins from your system.

Resources

Photo credit. Free Digital Photos.
http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/stamp-toxic-photo-p261778.

Foulkes, E. C. (1990). Biological effects of heavy metals. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Marz, R. B. (1999). Medical nutrition from Marz: (a textbook in clinical nutrition). Portland, Or: Omni-Press.

Vasey, C. (2009). The naturopathic way: How to detox, find quality nutrition, and restore your acid-alkaline balance. Rochester, Vt: Healing Arts Press.

Mills, S., & Bone, K. (2000). Principles and practice of phytotherapy: Modern herbal medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.

Gaby, A. (2011). Nutritional medicine. Concord, N.H: Fritz Perlberg Publishing.

Pizzorno, J. E., & Murray, M. T. (1999). Textbook of natural medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.

Ayres, J. G. 2010. Environmental medicine. London: Hodder Arnold.

Image Attribution: gepard/graphicleftovers.com

Cabbage

Cabbage has a long history of use as food and medicine, dating back to ancient Celtic, Greek and Roman societies. With a deep rooted history, this gem is featured among food cultures of northern Europe, especially in German, Polish and Russian cuisine. Steaming is the best way to cook cabbage to retain the maximum nutritional value. When steamed, the fiber-related components in cabbage help stimulate excretion of bile acids in your digestive tract, resulting in lower cholesterol levels.

Interestingly, research has shown that not all cabbages are created equal. To get the broadest health benefits from cabbage, include red, green and Savoy cabbages in your diet. While cabbage in general is an excellent source of sinigrin, a compound that has shown unique properties that help guard against bladder, colon and prostate cancers, Savoy cabbage has the highest sinigrin content. Although, a recent study suggests that long-cooked cabbage may lose its cancer-preventive benefits, so it is important to keep steaming time to a minimum or eat this cabbage raw. Red cabbage also has additional nutritional benefits including a concentration of more protective phytonutrients than green cabbage. The phytonutrients in red cabbage are excellent dietary antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, and offer protection from a number of human diseases. Cabbage juice has long been established by health research as an aid for healing peptic (stomach) ulcers, but recent studies suggest that the benefits of cabbage may extend to the entire digestive tract.

When choosing cabbage heads, go for those that are firm and dense with shiny, crisp, colorful leaves free of cracks, bruises, and blemishes. Avoid buying pre-cut cabbage, either halved or shredded, since once cabbage is cut, it begins to lose its valuable vitamin C content. To wash, remove the thick fibrous outer leaves, cut into quarters, remove the core and cut the cabbage into pieces, then wash under running water. If you notice any signs of worms or insects, which sometimes appears in cabbage, soak the head in salt water or vinegar water for 15 to 20 minutes first. To preserve vitamin C content, cut and wash the cabbage right before cooking or eating it. Keeping cabbage cold will also help keep it fresh and retain its vitamin C content. Put the whole head in a container in the crisper of your refrigerator. Red and green cabbage will keep this way for about two weeks while Savoy cabbage will keep for about one week.

Resources

Photo Credit. Free Digital Photos.
http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/cabbage-isolated-on-white-background-photo-p231303.

Cabbage. The World's Healthiest Foods.
http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=19

Image Attribution: SOMMAI/shutterstock.com

5-Minute Healthy Sauteed Cabbage

his recipe not only tastes great, but it is packed with concentrated nutrients because of the way it is cooked. Now you can enjoy while feeling good about what you're eating. Prep and cook time: 5 minutes. Serves 2.

Ingredients

For the Sautéed Cabbage:

• 4 cups red cabbage, shredded
• 1 tablespoon lemon juice
• 5 tablespoons low sodium chicken or vegetable broth

For the Mediterranean Dressing:

• 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
• 1 tablespoon lemon juice
• 1 medium clove garlic, chopped or pressed
• Sea salt and pepper to taste

Optional add-ins:

• 2 tablespoons grated ginger
• 1 tablespoon sesame seeds
• 5 drops soy sauce
• 1 tablespoon chopped cilantro
• Few drops of rice vinegar/rice wine

Directions:

First, quarter the head of cabbage and slice into 1/4-inch strips and let sit for at least 5 minutes to bring out the hidden health benefits of cabbage.
 
Next, chop or press garlic and let sit for at least 5 minutes.
 
Sprinkle cabbage with 1 tablespoon lemon juice before cooking to prevent it from turning blue. Then heat 5 tablespoons broth over medium heat in a stainless steel skillet. When broth begins to steam, add cabbage and cover. Sauté for no more than 5 minutes.
 
Finally, transfer the finished cabbage to a bowl. For more flavor, toss cabbage with the dressing ingredients and any of the optional ingredients you desire while it is still hot. There's no need to make the Mediterranean dressing separately.

Image Attribution: Sarsmis/istockphoto.com

Cilantro

One of the world's oldest spices, cilantro, dates back to 5,000 BC and is native to the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions. This famous herb was used in both ancient Greek and Roman cultures, mentioned in the Old Testament and used by early physicians, including Hippocrates, for its medicinal properties. The leaves of the plant have long been popular in culinary traditions of Latin American, Indian and Chinese cuisine. Medicinally, cilantro has been used in parts of Europe as a defense from diabetes, in India for its anti-inflammatory properties and recently studied in the U.S. for its cholesterol-lowering effects. In fact, recent research suggests that coriander may help control blood sugar and cholesterol levels, as well as free radical production.

Many of this herb's healing properties can be attributed to the dense content of phytonutrients in its volatile oil. A 2004 study published in the Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry also suggests that cilantro contains an antibacterial compound that may be a safe, natural defense against Salmonella. This particular compound, called dodecenal, is found in both the seeds and fresh leaves of cilantro, making cilantro an excellent addition to most any meal for flavor and protection. There are many ways to integrate this aromatic and beneficial herb to your diet and in doing so, here are some tips to help you choose, prepare and store it. Fresh cilantro leaves should have a vibrant deep green color, firm, crisp and free from yellow or brown spots. Highly perishable, fresh coriander should be wrapped in a damp cloth or paper towel, placed in a container and stored in the refrigerator. You may want to consider freezing cilantro in ice cube trays using water or stock to use when preparing soups and stews. Fresh cilantro is fragile, so it is best to clean it by swishing it around with your hands in a bowl of cold water, dislodging any dirt on it. Empty the water and repeat this process until there is no dirt left in the water.

Resources

Photo credit. Free Digital Photos.
http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/image /Herbs_and_Spices_g68-Raw_Coriander_Leaves_p82336.html.

Cilantro & Coriander Seeds. The World's Healthiest Foods.
http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=70.

Image Attribution: SOMMAI/shutterstock.com

Fiber

Experts agree, dietary fiber is an important tool in fighting and preventing heart disease, colon cancer, diabetes and even obesity. Most experts agree that a key defining characteristic of dietary fiber is that it's derived from the edible parts of plants that are not broken down by human digestive enzymes, but the official definition is still up for debate. One complication in defining fiber is that fibers come in variety of forms, some soluble, some insoluble, some viscous, some fermentable and others not.

Like soluble fibers, viscous fibers lower serum cholesterol by reducing the absorption of dietary cholesterol. Soluble fiber may also reduce the amount of cholesterol manufactured by the liver. Viscous fibers help normalize blood glucose levels and increase insulin sensitivity, making them helpful in preventing and treating type 2 diabetes. Viscous fibers also slow food as it leaves the stomach, providing a full feeling and helping to prevent overeating and weight gain. Animal studies have also suggested some dietary fibers may help lower blood cholesterol levels. In addition, fermentable fibers help maintain healthy populations of friendly bacteria which enhance the immune system by preventing harmful bacteria from growing in the intestinal tract. Insoluble and non-fermentable fibers help maintain bowel regularity, decreasing the risk of colon cancer and hemorrhoids from straining and constipation.

The many forms of dietary fibers can be found among a spectrum of foods, from bran, oatmeal and whole grains, to legumes, root vegetables and cabbage, and even in fruits including apples, strawberries and citrus fruits, among others. Still, some of the best food sources of fiber include turnip greens, mustard greens, collard greens, navy beans, eggplant, raspberries and cinnamon. With the verdict still out on what is definitively a fiber, the simplest way to make sure you're getting all the vital fiber your body craves is to eat a healthy and balanced diet including a variety of these foods.

Resources

Fiber. The World's Healthiest Foods.
http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=nutrient&dbid=59.

Marz, R. B. (1999). Medical nutrition from Marz: (a textbook in clinical nutrition). Portland, Or: Omni-Press.

Gaby, A. (2011). Nutritional medicine. Concord, N.H: Fritz Perlberg Publishing.

Image Attribution: Alina G/shutterstock.com

At Home Enemas

Enemas have been used for centuries to cleanse the colon. Simply an injection of liquid via the anus, enemas may help relieve constipation, gas and bloating, cleanse the colon and reduce the body's toxic load. While the idea of giving yourself an at-home enema may seem like a daunting and uncomfortable task, it's actually a very simple process that often feels more awkward than uncomfortable. Enema solutions can help with a variety of symptoms, using one of a variety of recipes.

• Aloe vera enemas: soothe and heal hemorrhoids and IBS.
• Burdock root enemas: help remove calcium deposits, improving function of kidneys and bladder.
• Catnip enemas: ease pain and cramping.
• Slippery elm enemas: help correct both constipation and diarrhea, as well as help heal hemorrhoids and inflammatory conditions of the bowel.
• Coffee enemas are highly regarded for their use in detoxifying the liver, intestinal walls and colon, and encouraging the release of toxic bile from the system.
• Epsom salt enemas: increase the amount of water in the intestine and colon, stimulating a more thorough cleansing of the intestinal tract.
• Lemon juice enemas: help rid the colon of excess feces and balance pH levels in the colon.
• Salt water enemas: most comfortable and easiest for first time users.

Getting Started:

No matter which solution you choose, you'll need to do a few things to get started.
 
1. Your enema toolbox should include an enema bag with a clamp on the end of the tube to help control the flow and to prevent fluid from leaking out. You'll also want to make sure that the rectal tube is smooth, so as to avoid damage to the rectal lining.

2. You should be near a toilet and near a place to hang the enema bag, such as as a door handle or towel bar positioned between 1.5 and 3 feet above the floor.

3. Lay a few old towels and a pillow on the floor for comfort and cleanliness.

4. Heat your enema solution to between 98 and 104 F (37 to 40 C).

5. Ensure the tubing on your enema bag is secure, close the clamp and fill the bag with the warmed solution.

6. With your enema tools in place, lie down on your left side, with left leg straight and bend your right knee toward your chest, resting it on the floor. This will allow for the best reach and easiest enema application.

7. Before beginning, make sure there is no air in the tubing, then test the flow of the solution for a steady stream.

8. Lubricate the nozzle and your anus using a natural oil, then insert the nozzle a few inches into your anus, unclamp the tube and relax. If the solution doesn't start to flow, you may have inserted the nozzle a bit too far.

9. When you have finished emptying the enema or have taken in as much solution that you can comfortably hold, remove the nozzle and continue to lie on the floor, slightly clenching your anus to keep solution from leaking and try to hold the enema for 10 to 15 minutes.

10. Massage your abdomen in a counter-clockwise direction to assist the water to flow into the entire colon. When you're ready to evacuate, get up and move to the toilet. You'll want to stay close to a toilet for the next 30 to 60 minutes, as evacuating happens in stages.

11. After your enema, clean and sanitize your enema equipment thoroughly by boiling. Hang the bag and tubes to dry and never store enema equipment while it's still wet as it could grow mold. It is also important to reserve your enema equipment for your personal use only and never share it with anyone else.

As easy as at-home enemas are, it is not something that should be done when you have a list of things to accomplish during the same day. You'll want to rest after your enema, drink plenty of hydrating fluids and maintain a diet of light meals that include nourishing, cooked foods, such as steamed vegetables, for the rest of the day. For general maintenance and colon health it is recommended that you give yourself an enema once a month. And although enemas are generally safe and complications are very rare in healthy adults, it is still recommended that you discuss appropriate enema solutions, precautions and even procedures with Dr. Bossio before trying this at home.

Resources

Photo credit. Free Digital Photos.
http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/barium-enema-of-a-man-show-the-normal-cecum-photo-p250560.

Lindlahr, Henry, and Victor Hugo Lindlahr. 1931. The practice of nature cure. New York city: The Nature cure library, Inc.

"Colonic Enemas - A Naturopathic Treatment". 1998. TOWNSEND LETTER FOR DOCTORS AND PATIENTS. (180): 100.

7 Natural Enema Solutions You Can Use at Home. Flowing Free.
http://flowingfree.org/7-natural-enema-solutions-you-can-use-at-home/.

Herbal Enemas for a Happy and Healthy Colon. Flowing Free.
http://flowingfree.org/herbal-enemas-for-a-happy-and-healthy-colon/.

Everything you ever wanted to know about giving yourself an enema and were afraid to ask. Flowing Free.
http://flowingfree.org/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-giving-yourself-an-enema-and-were-afraid-to-ask/.

Image Attribution: Praisaeng/shutterstock.com

The Flu Vaccine and Your Family

In preparation for flu season, conventional methods of dealing with the virus are beginning to hit the market. The most notable and one of the most controversial is the flu vaccine. Every year, a new vaccine is formulated with 3 strains of flu viruses that researchers have determined are to be the most prevalent. The Center for Disease Control recommends that everyone over the age of 6 receive a flu shot, but especially the elderly, those with chronic illnesses, and those with a weakened immune system.

But is the flu vaccine really right for your family? The CDC says the vaccine doesn't work in every case. In fact, there are two factors that determine its effectiveness. First, a person's state of health is a factor. Those with healthy immune systems will respond better to the vaccine. Second, its effectiveness is also determined by what strains of the virus are included in the formulation. The flu vaccine targets only the three most prevalent strains of flu but there are actually many other types of viruses that circulate during flu season that can bring on similar symptoms. So depending on how healthy you are and what viruses circulate in your area, the CDC states, "it's possible that no benefit from flu vaccination may be observed." In addition, very few studies have been conducted of the safety of flu vaccines as new formulas are developed. In fact, there are disturbing reports of adverse effects of flu vaccines, especially for pregnant women. Also, very few longitudinal studies been conducted to determine the long-term effect of vaccine use. Essentially, the fact is that our public health policy has embraced a form of flu prevention that they cannot guarantee is safe or effective.

That's why Naturopathic Medicine focuses on strengthening the body's immune system as a standard flu prevention method. Naturopathic Doctors know that boosting a person's health is the single most effective way to prevent disease in the body. Not only is it safe to enhance the body's immunity, but it is an effective method for preventing infection from ALL the viruses that circulate during flu season, not just the three most common. That's why, unlike the advocates of flu vaccines, Naturopathic Doctors can guarantee that immune-boosting preventive medicine is both safe and effective for every member of your family. There are also no negative side effects, and the positive side effects include having more energy and feeling better in general.

Whatever you decide to do for your family, everyone can benefit from the following tips to fight the flu naturally:

•  Basic Hygiene.  Wash hands frequently, especially after visiting public places. Cover your mouth when coughing and sneezing.

•  Get More Sleep.  Not getting proper rest can put unnecessary stress on the body and lower immunity. Get at least 8 hours of high-quality sleep each night, and rest more when you feel under the weather. Sleep is when your body repairs itself.

•  Eat a Whole Food Diet.  Minimize refined sugar and flour in diet; avoid processed foods, eat colorful vegetables, proteins (fish & fowl, starchy legumes, nuts & seeds), fruits, whole grains.  

•  Increase Vitamin C.  Eat foods such as kiwi, grapes, strawberries, and oranges to give your body an antioxidant and immune boost. You may also want to add supplemental vitamin C to your regimen.  Speak with Dr. Bossio about the appropriate dose for you as this can range from 250mg to 6000mg per day.

•  Increase Vitamin A.  Vitamin A helps maintain the health and integrity of the mucous membranes, so foods such as carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach and kale can also help stave off the flu.

•  Increase Vitamin E.  It can help boost immunity and enables T-cells to fight infection. E rich foods include almonds, sunflower seeds, butter and egg yolks.

•  Increase Zinc.  Zinc is extremely important during cold and flu season because many immune cells require zinc for optimal function. To increase zinc in your diet, try eating more Crimini mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, and spinach. Other good sources include asparagus, chard, scallops, lamb, beef, maple syrup, shrimp, green peas, yogurt, oats, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds, turkey, miso, and spelt.  You may also consider supplementing with Zinc lozenges.

•  Supplement Vitamin D.  Japanese researchers have shown that school aged children taking 1200 IU of Vitamin D per day had a 42% lower risk of contracting the flu than children taking a placebo. Vitamin D has increasingly been shown to be one of the most effective ways to prevent illness.  The appropriate dose of vitamin D should be determined based on your blood level.  If this has not already been evaluated speak with Dr. Bossio about doing so.

•  Probiotics.  Probiotics are best known for their role in digestive health, but science shows they are powerful components of immune system health as well. Since 60% of our immune cells are located in the digestive tract it makes sense that keeping those cells functioning well is important for staying healthy. Adding a probiotic to your daily supplement regimen can help optimize your health this fall and winter season.  Speak with Dr. Bossio to determine which probiotic is right for you.

•  Drink Herbal Tea. Herbal teas such as red clover, echinacea, elderberry, lemon and honey, or other commercially available cold/flu formulas can help fortify the body's immune system. Also, green tea is high in antioxidants and can help strengthen T-cells (the body's primary defense against infections).

•  Homeopathic Flu Vaccine.  A homeopathic flu vaccine is similar to conventional vaccines, only without the harmful additives, preservatives, and side effects. Homeopathic flu (Influenzinum) uses infinitesimal doses of flu strains to stimulate your body's vital force to offer protection from invading pathogens.

Resources

Photo credit. Free Digital Photos.
http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/stamp-toxic-photo-p261778.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013. Vaccine Effectiveness - How Well Does the Flu Vaccine Work?. Retrieved 21 August 2013 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/vaccineeffect.htm

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013. Who Should Get Vaccinated Against Influenza Retrieved 21 August 2013 from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/whoshouldvax.htm

Alan Casseis. 2012. Eminence vs. Evidence. http://www.cochrane.org/news/blog/eminence-vs-evidence

Dearing, S. 2010. Medical reviews conclude influenza immunizations ineffective. Digital Journal. Retrieved 25 October 2010 from www.digitaljournal.com/article/288946

England, C. 2010. Thousands of USA pregnant women miscarry after the H1N1 vaccine. American Chronicle. Retrieved 20 October 2010 from www.americanchronicle/articles/view/188385

Urashima, M., Segawa, T., Okazaki, M., Kurihara, M., Wada, Y., and Ida, H. 2010. Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza in schoolchildren. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 91(5) 1255-60.